@import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Fraunces:opsz,wght@9..144,400;9..144,600;9..144,700&family=Playfair+Display:ital,wght@1,700;1,900&family=Inter:wght@400;500;600;700&family=Noto+Sans+Devanagari:wght@500&display=swap');
:root{
--maroon:#000069;--maroon-deep:#00004a;--gold:#EB4B27;--gold-bright:#FF6B3D;--paper:#f6f7fb;--paper-dark:#eaecf5;--ink:#14162b;--ink-soft:#55597a;--rule:#dde1f0;--white:#ffffff;
}
*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}
html{overflow-x:hidden}
body{font-family:'Inter',sans-serif;background:var(--paper);color:var(--ink);line-height:1.6;overflow-x:hidden}
h1,h2,h3,.display{font-family:'Fraunces',serif}
a{color:inherit;text-decoration:none}
.wrap{max-width:1180px;margin:0 auto;padding:0 24px}
img{max-width:100%;display:block}

/* Utility bar */
.utility{background:var(--maroon-deep);color:#cfd3ec;font-size:13px}
.utility .wrap{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;padding:8px 24px;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;white-space:nowrap;overflow-x:auto}
.utility .links{display:flex;gap:18px;flex-shrink:0}
.utility a:hover{color:var(--gold-bright)}

/* Masthead */
header.masthead{background:var(--white);border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule)}
.masthead-inner{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;padding:20px 24px;flex-wrap:nowrap;gap:20px;max-width:100vw}
.logo-block{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:16px;min-width:0}
.logo-mark-img{height:80px;width:auto;flex-shrink:0}
.logo-text{display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;min-width:0}
.logo-text .deva{font-family:'Noto Sans Devanagari',serif;font-size:11px;color:var(--gold);line-height:1.2}
.logo-text .title{font-family:'Playfair Display',serif;font-style:italic;font-weight:700;font-size:36px;line-height:1.1;color:#F3863F;margin:2px 0}
.logo-text .sub{font-size:12px;color:var(--ink-soft);margin-top:1px;line-height:1.3}
.masthead-actions{display:flex;gap:10px;align-items:center;flex-shrink:0;white-space:nowrap}
.masthead-search button:hover{background:var(--maroon-deep)}
.btn{padding:9px 18px;border-radius:2px;font-size:14px;font-weight:600;border:1px solid var(--maroon);cursor:pointer;transition:.2s;display:inline-block;background:none;font-family:inherit}

/* Hamburger toggle (hidden on desktop) */
.nav-toggle{display:none;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;gap:5px;width:38px;height:38px;border:1px solid var(--rule);background:var(--white);border-radius:2px;cursor:pointer;flex-shrink:0;padding:0;align-items:center}
.nav-toggle span{display:block;width:20px;height:2px;background:var(--maroon-deep);transition:.25s}
.nav-toggle.open span:nth-child(1){transform:translateY(7px) rotate(45deg)}
.nav-toggle.open span:nth-child(2){opacity:0}
.nav-toggle.open span:nth-child(3){transform:translateY(-7px) rotate(-45deg)}
.masthead-search{display:flex;border:1px solid var(--rule);border-radius:2px;overflow:hidden;height:42px}
.masthead-search input{border:none;padding:9px 12px;font-size:13px;font-family:inherit;outline:none;background:var(--paper);width:190px}
.masthead-search button{-webkit-appearance:none;appearance:none;background:var(--maroon);color:var(--white);border:none;padding:0 16px;font-size:13px;font-weight:600;cursor:pointer;font-family:inherit;height:100%}
.btn-solid{background:var(--gold-bright);border-color:var(--gold-bright);color:var(--maroon-deep)}
.btn-solid:hover{background:var(--gold);border-color:var(--gold)}
.btn-outline{color:var(--maroon)}
.btn-outline:hover{background:var(--maroon);color:var(--white)}

/* Nav - single line, dropdowns */
nav.primary{background:var(--maroon);color:var(--white);position:relative;z-index:50}
nav.primary .wrap{display:flex;gap:0;flex-wrap:nowrap;justify-content:center;overflow-x:auto;scrollbar-width:none}
nav.primary .wrap::-webkit-scrollbar{display:none}
nav.primary .navitem{position:relative;flex-shrink:0}
nav.primary a.toplink{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:5px;padding:13px 16px;font-size:12.5px;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:.3px;text-transform:uppercase;border-bottom:3px solid transparent;white-space:nowrap;transition:.2s}
nav.primary a.toplink:hover,nav.primary .navitem.active>a.toplink{border-color:var(--gold-bright);background:rgba(255,255,255,.08)}
.navitem.has-drop>a.toplink::after{content:'▾';font-size:9px;transition:transform .25s ease;opacity:.8}
.navitem.has-drop:hover>a.toplink::after{transform:rotate(180deg)}
.dropdown{position:fixed;background:var(--white);min-width:240px;box-shadow:0 16px 32px rgba(0,0,0,.2);border:1px solid var(--rule);border-top:3px solid var(--gold-bright);opacity:0;visibility:hidden;transform:translateY(10px);transition:opacity .22s ease,transform .22s ease,visibility .22s;z-index:60}
.navitem:hover .dropdown{opacity:1;visibility:visible;transform:translateY(0)}
.dropdown a{display:block;padding:11px 18px;font-size:13px;color:var(--ink);border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);border-left:3px solid transparent;font-weight:500;text-transform:none;letter-spacing:0;transition:.15s}
.dropdown a:hover{background:var(--paper-dark);color:var(--maroon);border-left-color:var(--gold-bright);padding-left:22px}
.dropdown a:last-child{border-bottom:none}

/* Hero */
.hero{background:linear-gradient(135deg,var(--maroon-deep) 0%,var(--maroon) 55%,#000038 100%);color:var(--white);padding:42px 24px;position:relative;overflow:hidden}
.hero::before{content:'';position:absolute;inset:0;background-image:radial-gradient(rgba(255,255,255,.08) 1.5px,transparent 1.5px);background-size:26px 26px;-webkit-mask-image:linear-gradient(120deg,transparent 30%,#000 55%,transparent 78%);mask-image:linear-gradient(120deg,transparent 30%,#000 55%,transparent 78%);pointer-events:none}
.hero::after{content:'';position:absolute;right:-120px;top:-120px;width:360px;height:360px;border-radius:50%;background:radial-gradient(circle,rgba(235,75,39,.22),transparent 70%);pointer-events:none}
.hero-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.2fr 280px;gap:40px;align-items:center;position:relative;z-index:1}
.hero-eyebrow{color:#FF8F66;font-size:13px;letter-spacing:2px;text-transform:uppercase;font-weight:600;margin-bottom:12px}
.hero h1{font-size:37px;line-height:1.16;font-weight:600;margin-bottom:14px}
.hero p.lede{font-size:15.5px;color:#cfd3ec;max-width:480px;margin-bottom:20px}
.hero-actions{display:flex;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-bottom:18px}
.hero-actions .btn-solid{background:var(--gold-bright);border-color:var(--gold-bright);color:var(--maroon-deep)}
.hero-actions .btn-outline{border-color:rgba(255,255,255,.5);color:var(--white)}
.hero-actions .btn-outline:hover{background:rgba(255,255,255,.12)}
.hero .site-search{max-width:420px;margin-bottom:18px}
.hero .issn-row{color:#cfd3ec}
.search-bar{display:flex;max-width:480px;background:var(--white);border-radius:2px;overflow:hidden}
.search-bar input{flex:1;border:none;padding:14px 16px;font-size:14px;font-family:inherit;outline:none}
.search-bar button{background:var(--ink);color:var(--white);border:none;padding:0 22px;font-weight:600;cursor:pointer}
.hero-right{position:relative;width:100%;max-width:280px;margin-left:auto;display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:0;align-items:center}
.hero-titlepage{width:150px;position:relative;z-index:2}
.hero-titlepage img{width:100%;display:block;border-radius:6px;box-shadow:0 14px 28px rgba(0,0,0,.4);border:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.25)}
.hero-connector{width:70%;height:26px;display:block;opacity:.55;margin:2px 0}
.hero-card{display:block;background:rgba(0,0,0,.24);border:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.25);padding:18px 22px;border-radius:4px;backdrop-filter:blur(3px);box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;position:relative;z-index:1;transition:.2s;text-align:center}
.hero-card:hover{background:rgba(0,0,0,.34);border-color:rgba(255,255,255,.4)}
.hero-card .tag{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1.5px;text-transform:uppercase;color:#FF8F66;font-weight:700}
.hero-card h3{font-size:15.5px;margin:8px 0 6px;font-weight:600;line-height:1.3}
.hero-card p{font-size:12.5px;color:#cfd3ec;margin-bottom:9px;line-height:1.5}
.hero-card .issn-row{font-size:11px;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:5px 12px;justify-content:center}
.issn-row{display:flex;gap:20px;margin-top:18px;font-size:12.5px;color:#b7bce0;flex-wrap:wrap}
.issn-row strong{color:var(--gold-bright)}

/* Page hero (inner pages) */
.page-hero{background:var(--maroon-deep);color:var(--white);padding:44px 24px}
.page-hero .kicker{color:#FF8F66;font-size:12.5px;letter-spacing:2px;text-transform:uppercase;font-weight:700;margin-bottom:8px}
.page-hero h1{font-size:32px;font-weight:600}
.breadcrumb{font-size:13px;color:#b7bce0;margin-top:10px}
.breadcrumb a:hover{color:var(--gold-bright)}

/* Sections */
section.block{padding:50px 24px}
section.block.alt{background:var(--white)}
.section-head{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:flex-end;margin-bottom:28px;border-bottom:2px solid var(--maroon);padding-bottom:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:10px}
.section-head h2{font-size:24px;color:var(--maroon-deep);font-weight:600}
.section-head .kicker{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:2px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--gold);font-weight:700;margin-bottom:4px}
.section-head .view-all{font-size:13px;font-weight:600;color:var(--maroon);border-bottom:1px solid var(--maroon)}

/* About page hero enhancement */
.about-hero-flex{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:36px}
.about-hero-flex .hero-text{flex:1;min-width:260px}
.about-hero-flex .lede{font-size:15px;color:#cfd3ec;max-width:560px;margin-top:14px;line-height:1.65}
.about-illustration{flex-shrink:0;width:168px;height:168px}
@media(max-width:820px){.about-illustration{display:none}}

.quick-facts{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:14px;margin:22px 0 34px}
.quick-facts .fact{background:var(--white);border:1px solid var(--rule);border-radius:3px;padding:16px 14px;text-align:center}
.quick-facts .fact .num{font-family:'Fraunces',serif;font-size:20px;color:var(--maroon);font-weight:700}
.quick-facts .fact .lbl{font-size:11.5px;color:var(--ink-soft);text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.5px;margin-top:4px}
@media(max-width:700px){.quick-facts{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr)}}

/* Content pages: sidebar + article */
.content-layout{display:grid;grid-template-columns:260px 1fr;gap:40px}
.side-nav{background:var(--white);border:1px solid var(--rule);border-radius:3px;padding:10px;align-self:start;position:sticky;top:20px}
.side-nav a{display:block;padding:10px 14px;font-size:13.5px;border-radius:2px;color:var(--ink-soft);font-weight:500}
.side-nav a:hover,.side-nav a.active{background:var(--paper-dark);color:var(--maroon)}
.prose h2{font-size:22px;color:var(--maroon-deep);margin:30px 0 12px}
.prose h2:first-child{margin-top:0}
.prose p{font-size:14.5px;color:var(--ink-soft);margin-bottom:12px;max-width:720px}
.prose ul{margin:10px 0 16px 20px;font-size:14.5px;color:var(--ink-soft)}
.prose ul li{margin-bottom:6px}
.anchor-target{scroll-margin-top:90px}

/* Article cards */
.article-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(260px,1fr));gap:24px}
.article-card{background:var(--white);border:1px solid var(--rule);padding:22px;border-radius:2px;transition:.2s}
.article-card:hover{box-shadow:0 8px 22px rgba(60,20,20,.08);transform:translateY(-2px)}
.article-card .theme-tag{display:inline-block;background:var(--paper-dark);color:var(--maroon);font-size:11px;font-weight:700;padding:3px 10px;border-radius:10px;margin-bottom:12px}
.article-card h3{font-size:17px;line-height:1.4;margin-bottom:8px}
.article-card p.meta{font-size:12.5px;color:var(--ink-soft)}
.article-card .abstract{font-size:13.5px;color:var(--ink-soft);margin:10px 0;display:-webkit-box;-webkit-line-clamp:2;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;overflow:hidden}
.article-card .foot{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;margin-top:14px;padding-top:12px;border-top:1px solid var(--rule);font-size:12.5px}
.article-card .foot a{font-weight:700;color:var(--maroon)}
.filter-bar{display:flex;gap:10px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-bottom:26px}
.filter-bar button{padding:8px 16px;border-radius:14px;border:1px solid var(--rule);background:var(--white);font-size:12.5px;font-weight:600;cursor:pointer;color:var(--ink-soft)}
.filter-bar button.active,.filter-bar button:hover{background:var(--maroon);color:var(--white);border-color:var(--maroon)}

/* Article Detail Page */
.pub-layout{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 280px;gap:28px;align-items:start}
.pub-table-card{background:var(--white);border:1px solid var(--rule);border-radius:3px;overflow-x:auto}
.pub-table{width:100%;border-collapse:collapse}
.pub-table tr{border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule)}
.pub-table tr:last-child{border-bottom:none}
.pub-table tr:nth-child(even){background:var(--paper-dark)}
.pub-table th{text-align:left;padding:14px 18px;font-size:13.5px;font-weight:700;color:var(--maroon-deep);width:190px;vertical-align:top;font-family:'Fraunces',serif}
.pub-table td{padding:14px 18px;font-size:14px;color:var(--ink);vertical-align:top}
.pub-side{background:var(--paper-dark);border:1px solid var(--rule);border-radius:3px;padding:22px;align-self:start}
.pub-side .theme-tag{margin-bottom:10px}
.pub-issue{font-size:13px;color:var(--ink-soft);margin-bottom:18px}
.pub-attach-h{font-size:13px;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:1px;color:var(--maroon-deep);margin-bottom:10px}
.pub-side .btn{width:100%;text-align:center}
.pub-abstract{margin-top:28px;background:var(--white);border:1px solid var(--rule);border-radius:3px;padding:26px}
.pub-abstract h3{font-size:17px;color:var(--maroon-deep);margin-bottom:10px;font-family:'Fraunces',serif}
.pub-abstract p{font-size:14.5px;color:var(--ink-soft);line-height:1.7;max-width:760px}
.pub-keywords{margin-top:18px;background:var(--paper-dark);border:1px solid var(--rule);border-radius:3px;padding:20px 26px}
.pub-keywords h3{font-size:13px;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:1px;color:var(--maroon-deep);margin-bottom:10px;font-family:'Fraunces',serif}
.pub-keywords p{font-size:13.5px;color:var(--ink-soft);line-height:1.7}
@media(max-width:700px){.pub-layout{grid-template-columns:1fr}}

/* Two col */
.two-col{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.3fr 1fr;gap:28px}
.cfp-box{background:var(--maroon-deep);color:var(--white);padding:32px;border-radius:3px;position:relative;overflow:hidden}
.cfp-box h3{font-size:21px;margin-bottom:12px}
.cfp-box p{font-size:14.5px;color:#cfd3ec;margin-bottom:18px;max-width:520px}
.cfp-tags{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin-bottom:20px}
.cfp-tags span{font-size:12px;background:rgba(255,255,255,.1);padding:5px 12px;border-radius:12px;border:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.2)}
.stats-box{background:var(--paper-dark);padding:28px;border-radius:3px;border:1px solid var(--rule)}
.stats-box h3{font-size:17px;color:var(--maroon-deep);margin-bottom:16px}
.stat-row{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;padding:11px 0;border-bottom:1px dashed var(--rule);font-size:14px}
.stat-row strong{font-family:'Fraunces',serif;font-size:18px;color:var(--maroon)}

/* Themes */
.theme-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(220px,1fr));gap:16px}
.theme-item{background:var(--white);border-left:4px solid var(--gold);padding:18px 20px;border-radius:2px}
.theme-item .num{font-family:'Fraunces',serif;color:var(--gold);font-size:13px;font-weight:600}
.theme-item h4{font-size:15px;margin:6px 0 6px;color:var(--maroon-deep)}
.theme-item p{font-size:12.5px;color:var(--ink-soft)}

/* News/Events list */
.split{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:40px}
.list-item{display:flex;gap:16px;padding:16px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule)}
.list-item .date{flex-shrink:0;width:56px;text-align:center;background:var(--paper-dark);border-radius:2px;padding:8px 4px}
.list-item .date .d{font-family:'Fraunces',serif;font-size:19px;color:var(--maroon);line-height:1}
.list-item .date .m{font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:1px;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--ink-soft)}
.list-item h4{font-size:14.5px;margin-bottom:4px}
.list-item p{font-size:12.5px;color:var(--ink-soft)}

/* Board */
.board-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(150px,1fr));gap:22px;text-align:center}
.board-card .avatar{width:90px;height:90px;border-radius:50%;background:var(--maroon-deep);color:var(--gold-bright);display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;font-family:'Fraunces',serif;font-size:23px;margin:0 auto 12px;overflow:hidden;border:2px solid var(--rule)}
.board-card .avatar img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;object-position:center 18%;border-radius:50%}
.board-card h4{font-size:14px}
.board-card p{font-size:12px;color:var(--ink-soft)}

/* Forms */
.form-box{background:var(--white);border:1px solid var(--rule);padding:30px;border-radius:3px;max-width:640px}
.form-row{margin-bottom:16px}
.form-row label{display:block;font-size:13px;font-weight:600;margin-bottom:6px;color:var(--maroon-deep)}
.form-row input,.form-row select,.form-row textarea{width:100%;padding:11px 13px;border:1px solid var(--rule);border-radius:2px;font-family:inherit;font-size:14px;background:var(--paper)}
.form-row textarea{min-height:110px;resize:vertical}
.form-note{font-size:12.5px;color:var(--ink-soft);margin-top:10px}
.plan-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(220px,1fr));gap:20px;margin-bottom:36px}
.plan-card{background:var(--white);border:1px solid var(--rule);padding:26px;border-radius:3px;text-align:center}
.plan-card.featured{border-color:var(--gold);box-shadow:0 8px 24px rgba(235,75,39,.15)}
.plan-card h3{font-size:18px;color:var(--maroon-deep);margin-bottom:6px}
.plan-card .price{font-family:'Fraunces',serif;font-size:28px;color:var(--maroon);margin:10px 0}
.plan-card ul{list-style:none;font-size:13px;color:var(--ink-soft);margin:16px 0;text-align:left}
.plan-card ul li{padding:6px 0;border-bottom:1px dashed var(--rule)}

/* Toast for form submits */
#toast{position:fixed;bottom:24px;right:24px;background:var(--maroon-deep);color:var(--white);padding:14px 22px;border-radius:3px;font-size:14px;box-shadow:0 10px 26px rgba(0,0,0,.25);transform:translateY(120%);transition:.3s;z-index:999}
#toast.show{transform:translateY(0)}

/* Footer */
footer{background:var(--maroon-deep);color:#b7bce0;padding:46px 24px 20px;font-size:13.5px}
.footer-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.4fr 1fr 1fr 1fr;gap:32px;margin-bottom:32px}
.footer-grid h5{color:var(--white);font-size:14px;margin-bottom:16px}
.footer-grid ul{list-style:none}
.footer-grid li{margin-bottom:9px}
.footer-grid a:hover{color:var(--gold-bright)}
.footer-bottom{border-top:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.15);padding-top:18px;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:10px;font-size:12.5px;color:#9195c0}

@media(max-width:900px){
  .hero-grid,.two-col,.split,.footer-grid,.content-layout{grid-template-columns:1fr}
  .hero h1{font-size:30px}
  .side-nav{position:static}
}
@media(max-width:600px){
  .hero-right{max-width:380px;width:100%;margin:0 auto}
  .hero-titlepage{width:170px}
  .hero-card{padding:20px 26px}
  .hero-card h3{font-size:17px}
}

/* ============ Mobile navigation (<=860px) ============ */
@media(max-width:860px){
  .wrap{padding:0 16px}

  /* Utility bar: drop the long publisher/email text, keep it short */
  .utility .wrap{padding:8px 16px;justify-content:center}
  .utility .full-text{display:none}
  .utility .links{margin:0 auto;gap:14px;font-size:12.5px}

  /* Masthead: shrink logo, hide subtitle, hide search + submit button inline,
     show a hamburger instead */
  .masthead-inner{padding:12px 16px;gap:10px}
  .logo-mark-img{height:44px}
  .logo-text .deva{display:none}
  .logo-text .title{font-size:22px}
  .logo-text .sub{display:none}
  .masthead-actions{display:none}
  .nav-toggle{display:flex}

  /* Primary nav becomes a collapsible full-width panel under the masthead */
  nav.primary{position:relative}
  nav.primary .wrap{display:block;overflow:visible;max-height:0;overflow-y:auto;transition:max-height .25s ease;padding:0}
  nav.primary.open .wrap{max-height:80vh;padding:8px 16px}
  nav.primary .navitem{width:100%;flex-shrink:1;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.12)}
  nav.primary a.toplink{padding:14px 4px;font-size:13.5px;justify-content:space-between;border-bottom:none}
  .navitem.has-drop>a.toplink::after{content:'+';font-size:15px}
  .navitem.has-drop.expanded>a.toplink::after{content:'–'}

  /* Dropdowns become static accordions instead of hover-positioned floating panels */
  .dropdown{position:static;opacity:1;visibility:visible;transform:none;box-shadow:none;border:none;border-top:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.12);min-width:0;background:var(--maroon-deep);display:none}
  .navitem.has-drop.expanded .dropdown{display:block}
  .dropdown a{color:#e3e5f5;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.08);padding:12px 10px 12px 20px}
  .dropdown a:hover{background:rgba(255,255,255,.08);color:var(--gold-bright);padding-left:24px}

  section.block{padding:34px 16px}
  .hero{padding:32px 16px}
  .page-hero{padding:32px 16px}
  .page-hero h1{font-size:26px}

  /* Editorial Board preview (homepage): if the grid wraps to 2 columns and
     the last tile ends up alone in the final row, center it instead of
     leaving it pinned to the left column */
  .board-grid--center-last>.board-card:last-child:nth-child(odd){grid-column:1/-1;max-width:230px;margin:0 auto}
}

@media(max-width:420px){
  .logo-text .title{font-size:19px}
  .hero h1{font-size:25px}
  .btn{padding:9px 14px;font-size:13px}
}